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Digestive system

 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

๐Ÿ‘‰This process of conversion of complex food substance to simple absorbable forms is known as DIGESTION.



 ๐Ÿ‘‰The alimentary canal opening the mouth and posterior/ending through the anus.



MOUTH

๐Ÿ‘‰The mouth area is known as buccal cavity / oral cavity.

๐Ÿ‘‰The oral cavity has number of teeth and muscular tongue.


๐Ÿ‘‰Each tooth is embedded is a socket of jaw bone. This type of attachment is known as THECODONT.

๐Ÿ‘‰Majority mammals two set of teeth, set of milk/deciduous teeth replaced by a set of permanent/adult teeth. This is known as Diphyodont

๐Ÿ‘‰Adult human has 32 permanent teeth which are 4 types Incisors (I), Canine (C), premolars (PM) and Molars (M).

๐Ÿ‘‰Dental formula 2123/2123

๐Ÿ‘‰The hard chewing surface of the teeth, made up enamel, helps in the mastication of food. 

๐Ÿ‘‰The tongue is a freely movable muscular organ attached to the floor of the oral cavity by the frenulum. 

๐Ÿ‘‰The upper surface of the tongue has small projections called Papillae, Some of which bear taste buds. 

PHARYNX

๐Ÿ‘‰which serves as a common passage for food and air

OESOPHAGUS 

๐Ÿ‘‰Opening Pharynx 

๐Ÿ‘‰A cartilaginous flap known epiglottis stop the entry of food into the glottis 

๐Ÿ‘‰The oesophagus is a this, long tube which extends endingly passing through the neck , thorax and diaphragm  and leads to a J shaped bag like structure known as STOMACH


๐Ÿ‘‰A muscular sphincter known as GASTRO-OESOPHAGEAL regulates the opening of oesophagus into the stomach.

๐Ÿ‘‰LOCATION : Abdominal Cavity

PARTS OF STOMACH 

๐Ÿ‘‰Cardiac Portion into which the oesophagus opens

๐Ÿ‘‰Fundic region

๐Ÿ‘‰Body central region 

๐Ÿ‘‰Pyloric portion which open into the first part of SMALL INTESTINE.

SMALL INTESTINE

๐Ÿ‘‰C-shaped Duodenum

๐Ÿ‘‰the opening of stomach into the duodenum is guarded by the pyloric sphincter.

๐Ÿ‘‰Long coiled middle part jejunum 

๐Ÿ‘‰Highly coiled Ileum

๐Ÿ‘‰Ileum opens into the large intestine

LARGE INTESTINE

๐Ÿ‘‰1. Caecum is a small blind sac which hosts some symbiotic micro-organisms. 

    ๐Ÿ‘‰A narrow finger-like tubular projection, the vermiform appendix which has a vestigial organ, arises from the caecum.

    ๐Ÿ‘‰The caecum opens into the colon

2. Colon

    ๐Ÿ‘‰Colon divided into 4 region 

A. Ascending  colon

B. Transverse colon 

C. Descending colon 

D. Sigmoid colon

3. Rectum

    ๐Ÿ‘‰The descending part opens into the rectum which opens into the rectum which opens out through the anus.


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