Skip to main content

Digestive system

 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

๐Ÿ‘‰This process of conversion of complex food substance to simple absorbable forms is known as DIGESTION.



 ๐Ÿ‘‰The alimentary canal opening the mouth and posterior/ending through the anus.



MOUTH

๐Ÿ‘‰The mouth area is known as buccal cavity / oral cavity.

๐Ÿ‘‰The oral cavity has number of teeth and muscular tongue.


๐Ÿ‘‰Each tooth is embedded is a socket of jaw bone. This type of attachment is known as THECODONT.

๐Ÿ‘‰Majority mammals two set of teeth, set of milk/deciduous teeth replaced by a set of permanent/adult teeth. This is known as Diphyodont

๐Ÿ‘‰Adult human has 32 permanent teeth which are 4 types Incisors (I), Canine (C), premolars (PM) and Molars (M).

๐Ÿ‘‰Dental formula 2123/2123

๐Ÿ‘‰The hard chewing surface of the teeth, made up enamel, helps in the mastication of food. 

๐Ÿ‘‰The tongue is a freely movable muscular organ attached to the floor of the oral cavity by the frenulum

๐Ÿ‘‰The upper surface of the tongue has small projections called Papillae, Some of which bear taste buds. 

PHARYNX

๐Ÿ‘‰which serves as a common passage for food and air

OESOPHAGUS 

๐Ÿ‘‰Opening Pharynx 

๐Ÿ‘‰A cartilaginous flap known epiglottis stop the entry of food into the glottis 

๐Ÿ‘‰The oesophagus is a this, long tube which extends endingly passing through the neck , thorax and diaphragm  and leads to a J shaped bag like structure known as STOMACH


๐Ÿ‘‰A muscular sphincter known as GASTRO-OESOPHAGEAL regulates the opening of oesophagus into the stomach.

๐Ÿ‘‰LOCATION : Abdominal Cavity

PARTS OF STOMACH 

๐Ÿ‘‰Cardiac Portion into which the oesophagus opens

๐Ÿ‘‰Fundic region

๐Ÿ‘‰Body central region 

๐Ÿ‘‰Pyloric portion which open into the first part of SMALL INTESTINE.

SMALL INTESTINE

๐Ÿ‘‰C-shaped Duodenum

๐Ÿ‘‰the opening of stomach into the duodenum is guarded by the pyloric sphincter.

๐Ÿ‘‰Long coiled middle part jejunum 

๐Ÿ‘‰Highly coiled Ileum

๐Ÿ‘‰Ileum opens into the large intestine

LARGE INTESTINE

๐Ÿ‘‰1. Caecum is a small blind sac which hosts some symbiotic micro-organisms. 

    ๐Ÿ‘‰A narrow finger-like tubular projection, the vermiform appendix which has a vestigial organ, arises from the caecum.

    ๐Ÿ‘‰The caecum opens into the colon

2. Colon

    ๐Ÿ‘‰Colon divided into 4 region 

A. Ascending  colon

B. Transverse colon 

C. Descending colon 

D. Sigmoid colon

3. Rectum

    ๐Ÿ‘‰The descending part opens into the rectum which opens into the rectum which opens out through the anus.


๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™๐Ÿ™



Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

AIR POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION   We are dependent on air for our respiratory needs.  Air pollutants cause injury to all living organisms.  They reduce growth and yield of crops and cause premature death of plants.  Air pollutants also deleteriously affect the respiratory system of humans and of animals.  Harmful effects depend on the concentration of pollutants, duration of exposure and the organism.  Smokestacks of thermal power plants, smelters and other industries release particulate and gaseous air pollutants together with harmless gases, such as nitrogen, oxygen, etc.  These pollutants must be separated/ filtered out before releasing the harmless gases into the atmosphere.  Electrostatic precipitator There are several ways of removing particulate matter; the most widely used of which is the electrostatic precipitator, which can remove over 99 per cent particulate matter present in the exhaust from a thermal power plant.  It has electrode wires that are m...

HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

๐Ÿ˜Ž Human Circulatory System ๐Ÿ˜Ž Human circulatory framework, additionally called the blood vascular framework comprises of a strong chambered heart, an organization of shut fanning veins and blood, the liquid which is circled.  Heart, the mesodermal determined organ, is arranged in the thoracic hole, in the middle of the two lungs, marginally inclined to one side. It has the size of a held clench hand. It is ensured by a twofold walled membranous sack, pericardium, encasing the pericardial liquid.  Our heart has four chambers, two moderately little upper chambers called atria and two bigger lower chambers called ventricles.  A slight, solid divider called the interatrial septum isolates the privilege and the left atria, while a thick-walled, the between ventricular septum, isolates the left and the correct ventricles.  The chamber and the ventricle of a similar side are likewise isolated by a thick stringy tissue called the atrio-ventricular septum.  Notwithstand...

HUMAN EXCRETORY SYSTEM

  ๐Ÿ˜Ž HUMAN EXCRETORY SYSTEM  ๐Ÿ˜Ž  In humans, the excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, one pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra.  Kidneys are reddish brown, bean shaped structures situated between the levels of last thoracic and third lumbar vertebra close to the dorsal inner wall of the abdominal cavity.  Each kidney of an adult human measures 10-12 cm in length, 5-7 cm in width, 2-3 cm in thickness with an average weight of 120- 170 g. Towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney is a notch called hilum through which ureter, blood vessels and nerves enter.  Inner to the hilum is a broad funnel shaped space called the renal pelvis with projections called calyces.  The outer layer of kidney is a tough capsule.  Inside the kidney, there are two zones, an outer cortex and an inner medulla.  The medulla is divided into a few conical masses (medullary pyramids) projecting into the calyces (sing.: calyx)....